✅ Simple Past Tense in Persian (گذشته ساده)
Persian: گذشته ساده
Finglish: Gozashte-ye Sādeh
💡 Meaning & Use
Use this tense to describe:
- A completed action in the past
- Something that happened once or at a specific time
🔹 Just like in English:
- I went to school.
- She ate dinner.
- We studied yesterday.
🔧 Structure
Past stem + Past personal ending
- The past stem is usually the infinitive minus “ن” (the last letter).
- Then you add past personal endings based on the subject.
🧠 Past Personal Endings:
| Subject | Ending | Finglish |
|---|---|---|
| من | ـم | -am |
| تو | ـی | -i |
| او | ـ | (no ending) |
| ما | ـیم | -im |
| شما | ـید | -id |
| آنها | ـند | -and |
📘 Example 1: رفتن (raftan = to go)
Past stem: raft
| Subject | Persian | Finglish | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| من | رفتم | raftam | I went |
| تو | رفتی | rafti | You went |
| او | رفت | raft | He/She went |
| ما | رفتیم | raftim | We went |
| شما | رفتید | raftid | You (pl.) went |
| آنها | رفتند | raftand | They went |
📘 Example 2: خوردن (khordan = to eat)
Past stem: khord
| Subject | Persian | Finglish | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| من | خوردم | khordam | I ate |
| تو | خوردی | khordi | You ate |
| او | خورد | khord | He/She ate |
| ما | خوردیم | khordim | We ate |
| شما | خوردید | khordid | You (pl.) ate |
| آنها | خوردند | khordand | They ate |
🧠 Time Expressions Common with Past Tense
| Persian | Finglish | English |
|---|---|---|
| دیروز | diruz | yesterday |
| هفتهٔ پیش | hafte-ye (pish or gozashte or ghabl) | last week |
| سال گذشته | sāl-e gozashte | last year |
| دیشب | Di + shab or shab gozashte | last night |
📝 Sample Sentences
- من دیروز به بازار رفتم.
Man diruz be bāzār raftam.
➤ I went to the market yesterday. - او دیشب شام خورد.
U dishab shām khord.
➤ He/She ate dinner last night. - ما فارسی تمرین کردیم.
Mā fārsi tamrin kardim.
➤ We practiced Persian.