Grammer – Simple Past Tense

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✅ Simple Past Tense in Persian (گذشته ساده)

Persian: گذشته ساده
Finglish: Gozashte-ye Sādeh

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💡 Meaning & Use

Use this tense to describe:

• A completed action in the past
• Something that happened once or at a specific time

🔹 Just like in English:

• I went to school.
• She ate dinner.
• We studied yesterday.

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🔧 Structure

Past stem + Past personal ending

• The past stem is usually the infinitive minus “ن” (the last letter).
• Then you add past personal endings based on the subject.

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🧠 Past Personal Endings:

Subject	Ending	Finglish
من	ـم	-am
تو	ـی	-i
او	ـ	(no ending)
ما	ـیم	-im
شما	ـید	-id
آنها	ـند	-and

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📘 Example 1: رفتن (raftan = to go)

Past stem: raft

Subject	Persian	Finglish	English
من	رفتم	raftam	I went
تو	رفتی	rafti	You went
او	رفت	raft	He/She went
ما	رفتیم	raftim	We went
شما	رفتید	raftid	You (pl.) went
آنها	رفتند	raftand	They went

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📘 Example 2: خوردن (khordan = to eat)

Past stem: khord

Subject	Persian	Finglish	English
من	خوردم	khordam	I ate
تو	خوردی	khordi	You ate
او	خورد	khord	He/She ate
ما	خوردیم	khordim	We ate
شما	خوردید	khordid	You (pl.) ate
آنها	خوردند	khordand	They ate

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🧠 Time Expressions Common with Past Tense

Persian	Finglish	English
دیروز	diruz	yesterday
هفتهٔ پیش	hafte-ye (pish or gozashte or ghabl)	last week
سال گذشته	sāl-e gozashte	last year
دیشب	Di + shab or shab gozashte	last night

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📝 Sample Sentences

1. من دیروز به بازار رفتم.
   Man diruz be bāzār raftam.
   ➤ I went to the market yesterday.
2. او دیشب شام خورد.
   U dishab shām khord.
   ➤ He/She ate dinner last night.
3. ما فارسی تمرین کردیم.
   Mā fārsi tamrin kardim.
   ➤ We practiced Persian.

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